Conflicts of Interest Board
City board
The Conflicts of Interest Board (COIB) is the independent city agency that administers, interprets, and enforces New York City's ethics laws for its roughly 300,000 public servants. It runs the conflicts-of-interest law, the annual financial-disclosure law, the lobbyist gift law, and related rules. The Board gives confidential advice, trains city employees, requires more than 10,000 officials to file annual disclosures, and brings enforcement cases. It can impose civil fines of up to $25,000 per violation and order officials to give up any financial gain from a violation. The five members serve staggered six-year terms and are chosen for their independence and integrity; while serving they may not hold other public or party office, lobby, or work on a city campaign.
- Board members
- 5
- Appointed by
- Mayor (3), Comptroller (1), Public Advocate (1) — all with Council consent
- Chair
- Milton L. Williams Jr.
- Maximum fine
- $25,000 per violation
- Enforcement dispositions on record
- 1,404 (since 1993)
- Annual disclosure filers
- 10,000+ per year
- Established
- 1990
Board members (5)
Appointed by the Mayor, Comptroller & Public Advocate (with Council consent).
- Milton L. Williams Jr. Chair (Mayor's appointee) — Partner, Walden Macht Haran & Williams LLP; appointed by Mayor Adams 2022
- Wayne G. Hawley Comptroller's appointee — Former COIB Deputy Executive Director & General Counsel; reappointed by Comptroller Levine 2026
- Stephen Loffredo Mayor's appointee — Professor of Law Emeritus, CUNY School of Law; appointed by Mayor Mamdani 2026
- Amy E. Millard Mayor's appointee — White-collar defense lawyer and former SDNY federal prosecutor; appointed by Mayor Adams 2024
- Ifeoma Ike Public Advocate's appointee — Appointed by Public Advocate Jumaane Williams 2022
Enforcement cases by agency (89 agencies)
Every city agency with current or former employees in COIB's public enforcement dispositions on record (1993–2026), ordered by number of cases. Tap an agency to see its cases; each shows COIB's own summary of the facts and links to its full disposition — including the fine — in COIB's Enforcement
- Department of Education 275 cases
- Department of Sanitation 107 cases
- Human Resources Administration 97 cases
- Department of Health and Mental Hygiene 87 cases
- New York City Housing Authority 86 cases
- NYC Health + Hospitals 76 cases
- Administration for Children's Services 75 cases
- Department of Environmental Protection 59 cases
- Department of Correction 53 cases
- Fire Department 40 cases
- Department of Citywide Administrative Services 36 cases
- Department of Parks and Recreation 33 cases
- Department of Homeless Services 30 cases
- Department of Housing Preservation and Development 30 cases
- Department of Transportation 30 cases
- Police Department 27 cases
- Department of Design and Construction 18 cases
- Board of Elections 16 cases
- Department of Finance 16 cases
- Office of the Mayor 16 cases
Advisory opinions (255)
COIB's formal Advisory Opinions interpret the conflicts-of-interest law on questions of broad public interest (1989–2026). Grouped by year; each links to its full opinion.
- 2026 4 opinions
- 2019 1 opinion
- 2018 1 opinion
- 2017 5 opinions
- 2016 1 opinion
- 2013 2 opinions
- 2012 5 opinions
- 2011 2 opinions
- 2010 2 opinions
- 2009 7 opinions
- 2008 6 opinions
- 2007 4 opinions
- 2006 5 opinions
- 2005 3 opinions
- 2004 3 opinions
- 2003 7 opinions
- 2002 1 opinion
- 2001 3 opinions
- 2000 4 opinions
- 1999 6 opinions
Agency designations for nonprofit work (406)
Public servants whose agency formally designated their work for a named nonprofit as in the city's interest under City Charter §2604(b)(2) (2019–2026). Grouped by nonprofit; organizations with a profile here link to it, so you can see whether they also receive city money.
- NYC Kids RISE 6 designations
- The Alliance for Coney Island 4 designations
- The New 42nd Street, Inc. 3 designations
- Neighborhood Restore Housing Development Fund Corporation 3 designations
- ArtsConnection 2 designations
- New York Public Radio 2 designations
- Bronx Parent Housing Network 2 designations
- New Yorkers for Children 1 designation
- Prospect Park Alliance, Inc. 1 designation
- Special Olympics New York 1 designation
- New York City Criminal Justice Agency 1 designation
- Public Health Solutions 1 designation
- Children's Museum of Manhattan 1 designation
- Rethink Food NYC 1 designation
- Museum of the City of New York 1 designation
- Catskill Watershed Corporation 18 designations
- New England Interstate Water Pollution Control Commission 1 designation
- Point Source Youth 1 designation
- Mayor's Fund to Advance New York City 1 designation
- Natural Areas Conservancy, Inc. 1 designation
COIB enforcement by the numbers
From the Board's annual reports. Per the reports, "public findings of violation" include settlements in which respondents agree to pay fines, Board orders imposing fines after hearings, and public warning letters issued with no fine.
- 2024 46 findings · 361 complaints · $222,446 imposed $189,346 collected
- 2023 40 findings · 288 complaints · $302,350 imposed $79,700 collected
- 2022 42 findings · 287 complaints · $88,725 imposed $94,750 collected
- 2021 38 findings · 256 complaints · $76,075 imposed $59,825 collected
- 2020 55 findings · 203 complaints · $90,750 imposed $67,450 collected
- 2019 86 findings · 361 complaints · $233,050 imposed $227,550 collected
Key reports & documents
- 2024 Annual Report 46 public findings of violation (the most since 2020) and $189,346 collected (the highest since 2019)
- 2023 Annual Report Prior-year summary of the Board's enforcement, advice, training, and disclosure work
- Decisions & Fines Every public settlement and the fine paid, case by case
- Enforcement Case Summaries (every case) COIB's master document summarizing every enforcement case, by violation type, with the facts and the fine in each
- Advisory Opinions How the Board interprets the conflicts-of-interest law on recurring questions
- Enforcement Dispositions archive The full year-by-year archive of public findings of violation